CD-i FAQ 2020 | Back to Index


Revision History 2020


The CD-i FAQ 2020 is a completely revised version of the original CD-i FAQ 2000 by Jorg Kennis. More information about the author and the origins of this FAQ can be found in About this FAQ.

The CD-i FAQ 2020 has been updated with the following changes and additions:

  • Better reflection of the current state of CD-i and the CD-i community
  • Added and improved text to better explain several concepts and technologies
  • New historical information based on recently (re)discovered sources
  • Better representation of relation to current technologies (disc formats, codecs, connection types, other platforms)
  • Updates on the availability of (authoring) software products and information on their support for current operating systems
  • Updates on CD-i emulation and usage of CD-i discs on other platforms
  • Improvements on style and readability, corrections of spelling and grammar errors


  • Highlights of Changes and Additions

    This list only includes some examples of updated information. It does not include the many changes related to readability and style.

    0 About this FAQ
    0.1 New goals defined, reason for 2020 update outlined
    0.2 New biographical info about the author
    0.3 New biographical info about the contributors
    0.4 Updated contact info
    0.6 Added information on how to repurpose contents of this FAQ

    1 The CD-i System
    1.1.1 Added a new question about the launch and discontinuation dates
    1.7 Added a new paragraph explaining the extensions to the Base Case CD-i system (such as Digital Video and CD-i KeyControl keyboard)
    1.11 Better reflection of the comparison with other platforms in relation to their respective era
    1.12.1 Added a new question comparing CD-i to DVD-Video, including information on Philips' professional DVD player
    1.12.2 Added a new question comparing CD-i to Blu-ray Disc

    2 CD-i Applications
    2.1 Better reflection of the current state of CD-i usage
    2.3.1 Added explanation that there is no definitive list of all CD-i titles

    3 CD-i Techniques
    3.3 Added new paragraphs highlighting other areas where OS-9 was used and information on corporate changes within Microware
    3.8 Added information about CD-i file access on modern operating systems
    3.11 Added information on comparison to Blu-ray Disc
    3.12.1 Better explanation of Dolby Surround analog matrix technology and comparison with DVD and Blu-ray Disc
    3.13 Rewritten text to better explain DYUV coding
    3.13.1 Better reflection of screen resolution compared to current TV standards
    3.13.2 Added explanation that CD-i's TV system differentiation does not represent region coding

    4 CD-i Players
    4.1 Rewritten text to better explain CD-i licensing goals
    4.4 Rewritten text to make some definitive statements on performance implementations
    4.5 Reworded "version" to "generation", included new paragraph explaining player shell in CD-i players from other manufactures
    4.6 Added explanation that CD-i's TV system differentiation does not represent region coding
    4.7.1 Added information on built-in Digital Video capabilities and early players without Digital Video expandability
    4.9 Added information on incompatibility of pointing devices with early Philips and Sony players
    4.9.2 Added information on Philips-based OEM players
    4.13 Better explanation of multi-session issues with CD-Extra discs
    4.14 Added paragraphs on the lack of YPbPr connectors and the lack of digital video output
    4.15 Rewritten text to better explain the purpose of the digital audio connector and the lack of codec transcoding
    4.16 Added explanation that CD-i's TV system differentiation does not represent region coding
    4.17 Rewritten to better reflect the current state of TV connections

    5 Disc Types
    5.2 Added some information on the benefits of CD-i Ready
    5.4 Added paragraph to explain the working and purpose of subcode channels
    5.7 Rephrased information on popularity in Asia
    5.9.1 Replaced comparison with digital cameras
    5.9.2 Added information about persistent settings in 2.3, reworded usage of 3.x by Kodak
    5.10 Rewritten based on current state of Picture-CD
    5.11 Rewritten to better reflect current operating systems, better explanation of Yellow Book
    5.12 Rewritten sentence on reasons for incompatibility with CD-i
    5.15 Better explanation of subcode channel usage of HDCD and format formalities
    5.16 Removed information on future CD-i/DVD compatibility
    5.18 Rewritten text to better explain origins of multi-session discs and reasons for playback issues

    6 Video-CD on CD-i
    6.1 Added information on re-release of movie titles, updated information on extracting MPEG data in current operating systems
    6.2 Added information about CD-i specific menus on Philips Video-CD titles
    6.3.4 Removed information about adding CD-i application to outdated Video-CD authoring tools
    6.4.1 Removed information about outdated MPEG encoder options

    7 CD-i Authoring
    7.2 Better explanation of benefits of sector interleaving
    7.4 Added information on Yamaha WORM recorders
    7.5 Added information on the lack of emulation in PC-only authoring
    7.6 Rewritten text about non-OptImage CD-i authoring tools
    7.7 Rewritten text about MediaMogul
    7.8 Rewritten to reflect the current (un)availability of authoring products and support
    7.9 Added paragraph to reflect the current state and compatibility of these authoring tools
    7.10 Rewritten info reflecting the current state of CD-i compatible CD-recording tools
    7.11 Rewritten to reflect the current state of Video-CD support in Nero and other authoring tools
    7.12 Better explanation of Kodak patents and unrelated Kodak Picture-CD format
    7.13 Rewritten to reflect the current state of Video-CD support in Nero and other authoring tools
    7.14 Rewritten to reflect the current state of CD+G authoring tools and operating system support

    8 CD-i Mysteries
    8.1 Refined question title, Included information on how to connect serial port to USB
    8.1.1 Included information on dedicated OS-9 shell discs from developers, updated information on device descriptors for terminal ports
    8.1.3 Added information about text files on CD-BGM discs
    8.1.4 Added information about the CD-i Link and CD-i Stub programs from 'CD-i Fan' to retrieve data from NV-RAM
    8.2 Refined description of applications in the player's ROM
    8.6 New section on using a PC mouse with a CD-i player
    8.7 New section on using a PC or SNES gamepad with a CD-i player

    9. CD-i on other platforms
    9.1 Better explanation of the need for full system emulation, comparison with DVD and BD-ROM formats, acknowledging the existence of CD-i emulator software
    9.2 Fully rewritten section, removed earlier statement about CD-i emulation difficulties, included paragraphs about the CD-i Emulator by 'CD-i Fan'
    9.4 New paragraphs on ISO Buster's CD-i disc reading capabilities and CD-i File tool from 'CD-i Fan', included note on incompatibility of legacy file system driver with current systems
    9.6 Rewritten to reflect generic conversion need for image files, included note on limited compatibility of CDi-View with current systems, added paragraph on IFF capability of future version of CD-i File by 'CD-i Fan'
    9.7 Rewritten to reflect generic conversion need for audio files, added paragraph on IFF capability of future version of CD-i File by 'CD-i Fan'
    9.8 Rewritten to reflect MPEG playback capabilities of a wide range of programs, added note on playback limitations using Video-CD or DVD specific programs

    10. Copying CD-i discs
    10.1 Added note of Infogrames rebranding to Atari, removed referral to Where can I buy CD-i titles link
    10.3 Added information about CD-i's TOC structure
    10.4 Added information about CD-i's TOC structure, added information about ISO Buster, removed information about defunct recording tool
    10.4.1 Added new question about the creation of disc image files from CD-i discs
    10.5 Added information about ISO Buster
    10.6 Rewrote to reflect generic video recording devices instead of VCR, added note about reduced quality due to analogue transfer, added note about data extraction

    11. The current CD-i situation
    11.1 Added reasons that make it difficult to abandon a CD-i setup or convert CD-i titles to modern formats
    11.4 Added a question about the availability of used CD-i players and titles
    11.8 Edited to reflect current market situation
    11.9 Edited to reflect current market situation
    11.10 Added a question about CD-i's conceptual and technical legacy

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